Basic HTML Version
236
IBRACON Structures and Materials Journal • 2012 • vol. 5 • nº 2
Evaluation of partial clinker replacement by sugar cane bagasse ash: CO
2
emission reductions
and potential for carbon credits
and
〖
PE
〗
ele_ADD_BC
on equations 2 and 6, were not calculated since
these terms are equivalent, in both the Baseline and the Project,
and cancel each other out in the calculation of emission reduc-
tions, because the amount of additive and gypsum in both situa-
tions is equal.
For the first scenario, was simulated the implementation of the proj-
ect between the municipalities of greater production of bagasse
and cement. The municipality identified with the largest concen-
tration of sugar cane production was Jaboticabal, in the northern
region of the state, with 31,630 kt of cane produced in 18 mills,
and the municipality of greater cement production was Sorocaba,
on which lies two cement factories with total production of 2,793
kt. This hypothesis was assumed because it involves the largest
quantities of cement and ash in an emission reduction project be-
tween two municipalities. However, the rate clinker-cement in the
region of Sorocaba was hypothetically assumed as being that of
the Brazilian average, since local production varies seasonally.
In a second scenario was analyzed the implementation of CDM to
Table 1 – Results of the hypothetical scenario 1
1
Term (scenario )
Meaning
Result
Unit
Total CO emissions in the Baseline discounted the emissions
2
relative to the grinding and preparation of additives.
0.716
t CO / t
2
cement
Total CO emissions in the Project discounted the emissions relative
2
to the grinding and preparation of additives.
0.649
Share of clinker in the cement for theBaseline.
0.80
t clinker/ t
cement
Share of clinker in the cement for the Project.
0.725
Emissions related to electricity for grinding and preparation of
additives in the Baseline.
not calculated
t CO / t
2
cement
Emissions related to electricity for grinding and preparation of
additives in the Project.
CO emissions per ton of clinker in the Baseline.
2
0.895
t CO / t
2
clinker
CO emissions per ton of clinker in the Project.
2
CO emissions per ton of clinker due to calcination of calcium and
2
magnesium carbonate in the Baseline.
0.475
t CO / t
2
clinker
CO emissions per ton of clinker due to calcination of calcium and
2
magnesium carbonate in the Project.
CO emissions per ton of clinker due to burning of fossil fuels for the
2
production of clinker in the Baseline.
0.420
t CO / t
2
clinker
CO emissions per ton of clinker due to burning of fossil fuels for the
2
production of clinker in the Project .
CO emissions per ton of clinker due to the use of grid electricity for
2
the production of clinker in the Baseline.
–4
1.1364x10
t CO / t
2
clinker
CO emissions per ton of clinker due to the use of grid electricity for
2
the production of clinker in the Project.
CO emissions per ton of clinker due to electricity self-generation for
2
production of clinker in the Baseline.
0
t CO / t
2
clinker
CO emissions per ton of clinker due to electricity self-generation for
2
production of clinker in the Project.
Leakage
Average distance for inter-municipal transport.
318
km
Transport-related emissions per ton of ash in the Project.
0.024
t CO / t ash
2
Share of ash on the cement of the Baseline.
0
t ash/ t cement
t ash/ t cement
Share of ash on the cement of the Project.
0.075
Total leakage emissions relating to the transport of ash.
–5.018
kt CO
2
Emissions reductions
Total annual production of cement of the scenario.
2,793
kt
Share of ash not surplus used in the project.
0
t of ash not
surplus/ t of
ash used
Annual reduction of CO emissions for the scenario 1.
2
182.5
kt CO
2
BASELINE AND PROJECT EMISSIONS