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25
IBRACON Structures and Materials Journal • 2012 • vol. 5 • nº 1
A. D. de Figueiredo | A. de la Fuente | A. Aguado | C. Molins | P. J. Chama Neto
f
ck
:
Characteristic compressive concrete strength.
f
cm
:
Average compressive concrete strength.
f
ctm,fl
:
Average flexural tensile concrete strength.
f
Ri
:
Residual flexural concrete strength.
f
s,max
:
Maximum steel strength.
f
y
:
Yielding strength of the steel.
h
:
Thickness of the concrete wall.
I
:
Moment of inertia around the horizontal axis (
I
= h
3
/12).
k
h
:
Size factor.
l
:
Length of the pipe.
l
bc
:
Length of the hinge.
M
:
Applied bending moment.
M
c
:
Bending moment at ridge.
M
s
:
Bending moment at springline.
M
θ
:
Bending moment at the angular coordinate θ.
N
:
Applied normal force.
N
θ
:
Normal force at the angular coordinate θ.
n
s
:
Number of steel bars.
R
m
:
Average radius of the pipe.
s
n
:
Height of the crack.
t
:
Instant of calculus.
t
o
:
Age of loading.
u
S
:
Horizontal displacement of the springline.
u
s
e
:
Elastic horizontal displacement of the springline.
u
s
p
:
Plastic horizontal displacement of the springline.
v
c
:
Vertical displacement of the ridge.
v
c
e
:
Elastic vertical displacement of the ridge.
v
c
p
:
Plastic vertical displacement of the ridge.
v
c,max
: Maximum vertical displacement of the ridge.
w
:
Crack width.
x
n
:
Neutral axis depth.
y
:
Height of the analyzed element.
y
c
:
Height of the analyzed concrete layer.
y
G
:
Height of the gravity center of the section.
y
s,i
:
Height of the analyzed
i
-th steel bar.
β:
Angle between the supports and the centre of the pipe.
ε
:
Strain.
ε
c
:
Concrete strain.
ε
i
:
Tensile strain of the SFRC.
ε
c
m
:
Mechanical concrete strain.
ε
c
nm
:
Non-mechanical concrete strain.
ε
s
:
Steel strain.
ε
c,sup
:
Strain of the concrete section top layer.
ε
c,inf
:
Strain of the concrete section bottom layer.
ε
s,i
:
Strain of the
i
-th steel bar.
ε
y
:
Yielding steel strain.
θ
:
Angular coordinate.
ξ
:
Relative error of the numerical value.
σ
c
:
Concrete stress.
σ
i
:
Steel fibre concrete tension stress.
σ
s
:
Steel stress.
σ
s,i
:
I
-th steel bar stress.
σ
u
:
Ultimate concrete compressive stress.
φ:
Angle between the crack faces.
φ
c
:
Rotation of the ridge.
φ
c
crk
:
Cracking rotation of the ridge.
φ
s
:
Rotation of the springline.
φ
s
crk
:
Cracking rotation of the springline.
χ
:
Sectional curvature.
χ
c
:
Curvature of the section of the ridge.